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Illiterate Signers


Is the marking of an “X” by a signer who cannot read and write an acceptable signature?

In most states’ statutes, a notary public may notarize the marking of an “X” of an individual who cannot sign his full name, either due to a physical disability or illiteracy. In many states, there are statutory notarial procedures for notarizing the marking of an “X” by an individual unable to sign. Courts have often held that “signature” or “signed” includes any symbol executed or adopted by a person with the present intention to authenticate a writing.

The signer, who is unable to read and write, wants me to notarize his signature on a document that he cannot read. Should I decline the notarization?

Yes. Encourage the signer to go to an attorney for legal advice regarding the nature and effect of the document being signed and notarized. Possibly, the document could also be notarized at the attorney’s office.

Legal disclaimer: The information provided on this page is for general informational purposes only and should not be relied upon as legal advice. We do not claim to be attorneys and we do not guarantee the accuracy, completeness, or reliability of the information provided. You should always seek the advice of a licensed attorney for any legal matters. It is your responsibility to know the appropriate notary laws governing your state. In no event shall the American Association of Notaries, its employees, or contractors be liable to you for any claims, penalties, losses, damages, or expenses, howsoever arising, including, and without limitation, direct or indirect loss, or consequential loss, out of or in connection with the use of the information contained on any of the American Association of Notaries website pages. Notaries are advised to seek the advice of their state’s notary authorities or attorneys if they have legal questions.